足球比赛什么时候才用的上下半场各45分钟的形式呢？ - 知乎

admin 1个月前 (04-16) 医政解读 22 0

　　最早的足球规则

　　1.场地面积，在长150码，宽100码以内。在每条边线上距端线25码处，各树立两根标志杆。

　　2.球门由两根立竿组成,相距1英尺.

　　3.用投币选择球门或开球权。

　　4.上半时比赛时间结束后，交换场地。

　　5.当队员将球踢出时，同队任何队员站在球的前面较对方队员更接近对方端线时，不得参加比赛接触球，也不得以任何方式阻碍其他队员接触球。

　　6.当球被踢出边线外则为死球，由对方在出界地点将球直接踢入场内，恢复比赛。

　　7.当一队将球踢出对方端线时，对方任何队员谁先拿到球便可持球在垂直端线25码处发任意球。

　　8.当球踢来时，队员在对方端线后面不可触球。

　　9.如果球落到端线之后和边线标志杆之外时，任意球应该在距端线25码处发。

　　10.当一队员踢任意球时，同队队员不得处在他与对方端线之间，并且对方队员不可站在距离他10码之内.

　　11.队员可选择任何方式踢任意球。

　　12.球从两竿之间或从其间上方无限高度穿过，算胜一球。

　　13. 在比赛进行中，可用身体任何部位接触球，但不得用手、臂、肩部持、击球。

　　14.所有冲击都是公平合法的，但禁止用手抱、推，用脚绊掉或吵闹。

　　这套正规原始规则经英格兰足协主席公布刊登在(BELIS LIFE)杂志上。三年后足协补充规定，球门高度为6码，宽度为8码，两立柱之间拉上一条绳，作为球门高度。

　　这是我找到的中文翻译规则，但是有14条，最早的剑桥规则（1848）只有11条。中文规则里写明了有上下半场，但是我从谷歌里找到的剑桥规则英文里并没有这一条。

　　附录如下

　　Cambridge 1848

　　1. This Club shall be called the University Foot Ball Club.

　　2. At the commencement of play, the ball shall be kicked off from the middle of the ground; after every goal there shall be a kick-off in the same way or manner.

　　3. After a goal, the losing side shall kick off; the sides changing goals unless a previous arrangement be made to the contrary.

　　4. The ball is out when it has passed the line of the flag-post on either side of the ground, in which case it shall be thrown in straight.

　　5. The ball is "behind" when it has passed the goal on either side of it.

　　6. When the ball is behind, it shall be brought forward at the place where it left the ground not more than ten paces, and kicked off.

　　7.· Goal is when the ball is kicked through the flag-posts and under the string.

　　8. When a player catches the ball directly from the foot, he may kick it as he can without running with it. In no other case may the ball be touched with the hands, except to stop it.

　　9. If the ball has passed a player and has come from the direction of his own goal, he may not touch it till the other side have kicked it, unless there are more than three of the other side before him. No player is allowed to loiter between the ball and the adversaries' goal.

　　10. In no case is holding a player, pushing with the hands or tripping up allowed. Any player may prevent another from getting to the ball by any means consistent with this rule.

　　11. Every match shall be decided by a majority of goals.

　　来源Early Rules of Soccer

　　这是从网络上找到的最早一版剑桥规则（1848）规则手稿。

　　之后的谢菲尔德规则(1857),阿宾汉姆学校规则（1862）还有第一版足总规则（1863）我都没找到关于second half规则的记录。

　　能力有限，找不到最早的半场规则及时长是怎么制定的。中文规则不知道是翻译的哪一版，所以也不确定来源正确与否。

　　望有其他大神来回答。